Pl sql stored procedure pdf

These are read-only parameters, but we can reference these parameters inside the procedure, but their value is never changed in the program. These parameters can never be referenced in the procedures, but their values can be overwritten, so the values can be changed inside the procedures. The final value of the OUT parameter is returned to the calling program.

They can be referenced inside the procedures, and their values can be overwritten by the procedure itself. This parameter is both readable and writable. The stored procedure helps in improving the overall performance of an application and reduces the traffic between the databases. They occupy a lot of space in the memory, too, so they must be created when required.

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Popular Course in this category. Course Price View Course. Free Data Science Course. They can be called or referred inside the other blocks also. Apart from this, we will cover the major differences between these two subprograms.

Also, we are going to discuss the Oracle built-in functions. Below are the terminologies that we are going to discuss. This parameter allows to give input to the subprograms and to extract from these subprograms.

Based on their purpose parameters are classified as. RETURN is the keyword that instructs the compiler to switch the control from the subprogram to the calling statement. Normally, parent or main block will call the subprograms, and then the control will shift from those parent block to the called subprograms. The datatype of this value is always mentioned at the time of function declaration.

This subprogram unit in the Oracle database is stored as a database object. Note: Subprogram is nothing but a procedure, and it needs to be created manually as per the requirement.

Once created they will be stored as database objects. In this example, we are going to create an Oracle procedure that takes the name as input and prints the welcome message as output.

We are going to use EXEC command to call procedure. Below are some of the characteristics of functions. In this program, we are going to create a function that takes the name as input and returns the welcome message as output. We are going to use anonymous block and select statement to call the function. Here we are going to see the commonly used functions and their usage. Output: String Functions These are the functions that are used on the character datatype.